Sapling recruitment in mixed stands in the Northern Plateau of Spain: a patch model approach

Our modelling approach shows the predominance of facilitative over competition effects in controlling regeneration studied species, thus pointing out to intra- and inter-specific coexistence mechanisms. Natural is a main issue management continental Mediterranean forests. Ensuring natural forest therefore vital for preserving ecosystem function under climate warming increased frequency intensity extreme droughts. In this study, we evaluated intraspecific relationships between saplings adult trees mixed Pinus pinea-Quercus ilex-Juniperus stands Spanish Northern Plateau. Data were gathered from five 50 m × 60 plots that covered different stand densities. Adult trees, saplings, stumps positioned, height diameter measured. We developed patch model predict probability occurrence abundance three species 2.5 patches using zero-inflated model. considered as predictive variables stumps, each both its adjacent patches. Saplings showed cluster pattern. The was positively related with current or past presence their conspecific trees. pinea plays role Quercus ilex Juniperus dissemination. simulations suggested perpetuate mixture, it necessary apply intense release cuttings once seedlings have been successfully established.